Junctions, roundabouts and crossings (skills 14 to 16)
Contents
Introduction
Junctions, roundabouts and pedestrian crossings are where you interact most with other road users. Strong observation skills at these points help keep everyone safe.
These skills are worth spending time on. Good observation and positioning at junctions are not just important for your test – they’re essential for safe driving throughout your life.
Why these skills matter
Junctions are where a large share of collisions happen because drivers misjudge gaps or fail to see other road users.
Taking time to build strong observation and decision-making skills at junctions helps you avoid rushed choices and stay safe in busy situations.
14. Junctions
Junctions require you to do several things at once: observe, signal, position, and make decisions about when it is safe to move. Getting this right takes practice, but it becomes second nature over time.
You should be able to deal safely with all types of junction, including:
- T-junctions and Y-junctions
- crossroads
- slip roads
- unmarked junctions
You should know:
- the mirrors – signal – manoeuvre (MSM) and position – speed – look (PSL) routines
- how to turn into and emerge from junctions safely
- the rules on priority, especially at unmarked junctions
- how to read advance warning signs and road markings
- why good observation matters, particularly before pulling out
Things to think about
Do I always look carefully and use the correct routine before pulling out at a junction?
Would I still take my time at a junction if traffic was building up behind me?
Would I ever pull out because I believed I could do it fast enough, even if I was not completely sure the gap in the traffic was safe?
What could happen if I rushed and pulled out without a safe gap?
About these questions
Ask your instructor
What should I focus on most when approaching busy junctions?
15. Roundabouts
Roundabouts can feel daunting at first, but understanding the rules and practising regularly builds confidence quickly.
You should be able to safely negotiate different types of roundabout, including:
- standard roundabouts
- mini-roundabouts
- multiple and satellite roundabouts
- traffic-light-controlled roundabouts
You must know:
- when and how to apply the MSM and PSL routines
- how to choose the correct lane and position your car
- who has priority on a roundabout
- how to observe and respond to other traffic
- the correct procedure for leaving a roundabout
Things to think about
Do I always pick the right lane and watch the traffic carefully before joining a roundabout?
Would I stay calm and follow the right routine on a busy or unfamiliar roundabout?
Would I ever rely on figuring it out instead of planning properly if I felt unsure?
What would happen if I chose the wrong lane or got another driver’s intentions wrong?
About these questions
Ask your instructor
Can we practise a roundabout I find difficult until I feel more confident?
16. Pedestrian crossings
People walking are among the most vulnerable road users. Knowing how to approach and respond to different types of crossing is an essential part of driving safely.
You should be able to negotiate different types of crossing safely, including:
- crossings controlled by lights
- zebra crossings
- school crossing patrols
- split crossings
You must know:
- how to scan ahead for people waiting or about to cross
- how to recognise the different types of crossing
- how to apply the MSM and PSL routines on approach
- the correct speed when approaching a crossing
- the rules on overtaking and parking near crossings
- how weather conditions can affect visibility and stopping distances
Things to think about
Do I always look out for crossings ahead and slow down in good time?
Would I stay alert and give way at a crossing even if I was in a rush?
Would I ever assume someone walking would wait for me because I was already moving?
What could happen if I did not slow down and someone stepped into the road?
About these questions
Ask your instructor
How can I make sure I am spotting crossings and people walking early enough?
Not feeling completely prepared?
Only take your driving test if you’re feeling completely prepared.
You can move your driving test back if you’re not feeling quite ready yet.
It’s free to change your appointment time, as long as you do it at least 10 full working days (Mondays to Saturdays) before your test.